动名词由 一个动词原形通过添加后缀 -ing构成,例如 swimming(游泳)、 running(跑步)等。以下是具体说明:
基本结构 动名词的基本形式为:
$$\text{动词原形} + \text{-ing}$$
例如:
reading(read的ing形式)
writing(write的ing形式)
扩展说明
动名词与现在分词同形,但功能不同:
现在分词(如 reading)通常用于进行时态(如 is reading);
动名词(如 reading)则作为名词使用(如 My favorite hobby is reading)。 - 动名词可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。例如:
主语:Swimming is good exercise.
宾语:I enjoy playingtennis.
表语:The problem is solvingit.
定语:She has a readinglist.
状语:He likesto travelin summer.
常见动名词
基本动作: swimming, running, reading, writing, dancing, cooking, painting, cleaning, driving, shopping, traveling 特殊动词
总结:动名词通过动词原形加 -ing构成,兼具动词和名词特性,是英语语法中功能丰富的词类。