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英语的八种时态的公式?

时间:2025-04-03 06:51:42

英语的八种时态公式如下:

一、一般现在时

肯定句:

主语 + 动词原形(第三人称单数加 -s/es/ies)

例:He eats breakfast every day.

否定句:

主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形(第三人称单数用 doesn't)

例:She doesn't watch TV in the evening.

一般疑问句:

助动词 do/does + 主语 + 动词原形

例:Do they play football on weekends?

二、一般过去时

结构:主语 + 动词的过去式(-ed或特殊变化)

例:He visited the museum last weekend.

否定句:主语 + didn't + 动词原形

例:They didn't finish the task on time.

一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形

例:Did she call you last night?

三、现在进行时

结构:主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式

例:They are watching a movie right now.

否定句:主语 + am/is/are not + 动词-ing形式

例:He is not (isn't) reading the book.

一般疑问句:Is/Am/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing形式

例:Are you studying for the exam?

四、过去进行时

结构:主语 + was/were + 动词-ing形式

例:She was painting when the phone rang.

否定句:主语 + was/were not + 动词-ing形式

例:They were not (weren't) waiting for you.

一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 动词-ing形式

例:Was he working when you called?

五、现在完成时

结构:主语 + have/has + 过去分词

例:I have finished my homework already.

否定句:主语 + have/has not + 过去分词

例:They have not (haven't) seen the movie.

完成时与过去分词:过去分词需用主动形式表示被动含义(如have been done)。

六、过去完成时

结构:主语 + had + 过去分词

例:By the time we arrived, the meeting had started.

否定句:主语 + had not + 过去分词

例:He had not (hadn't) finished his task yet.

时间状语:before, by the time of, etc. 。

七、一般将来时

结构:主语 + will + 动词原形

例:They will travel to Japan next year.

否定句:主语 + will not (won't) + 动词原形

例:He won't call you again.

缩写形式:主语 + shall + 动词原形(第一人称、第二人称)。

八、过去将来时

结构:主语 + would + 动词原形

例:She would call you when she arrived.

否定句:主语 + would not (wouldn't) + 动词原形

例:They wouldn't accept the offer.

时间状语:in the past, before the event, etc. 。

补充说明

完成进行时(如现在完成进行时):主语 + have/has been + 动词-ing形式

被动语态需借助助动词 be + 过去分词

以上公式综合了不同时态的结构特点,可通过时间状语和动词形式进行区分。