英语中的“重句”主要指通过从句对主句进行修饰或补充的句型结构。根据从句的功能和类型,英语重句可分为以下三大类:
一、名词性从句
主语从句 作为整个句子的主语,例如:
> That the earth is flat is a myth.
该从句需用虚拟语气(be动词用were)。
宾语从句
作动词或介词的宾语,例如:
> I believe that she will finish the task on time.
表语从句
说明主语的状态或身份,例如:
> The problem is that we don't have enough resources.
同位语从句
对名词进行解释说明,例如:
> The book, which was written by him, is very popular.
二、形容词性从句(定语从句)
修饰名词或代词,例如:
时间:
> The meeting that started at 9 AM was very productive.
地点:
> The house where we grew up has been renovated.
原因:
> The project failed because of lack of funding.
三、副词性从句(状语从句)
表示时间、条件、结果等关系,例如:
时间:
> The movie started when I arrived.
条件:
> If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
结果:
> The experiment proved that the hypothesis was correct.
补充说明
强调句型(特殊类型):通过it强调句子成分,例如:
> It was the sudden noise that startled everyone.
倒装句型:
通过倒装结构强调或调整语序,例如:
> Neither the meeting nor the report was on time.
以上分类综合了英语中常见的从句类型,实际应用中需根据语境选择合适的结构。