关于“when”引导的复合句时态规则,可总结如下:
一、时间状语从句的时态规则
主将从现 当主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来动作。例如:
> If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
(从句用一般现在时 rains
表示将来的“下雨”动作)
主过从过
当主句为一般过去时,从句用一般过去时描述过去动作。例如:
> When I was young, I used to travel every summer.
(主句“used to travel”为过去习惯性动作,从句“was young”为过去状态)
一般现在时
- 表示规律性或习惯性动作:
> When the meeting starts, everyone should be ready.
- 表示客观真理:
> When water boils, it turns to steam.
(无论主句时态如何,均用一般现在时)
现在进行时
当主句为现在进行时,从句用一般现在时表示将来动作(主句强调动作的持续性):
> While I'm cooking dinner, my friend calls.
(“calling”为将来动作,用一般现在时)
二、其他注意事项
动作性质: 若主句为短暂性动作(如“opened the door”),从句为持续性动作(如“was reading”),仍用when。 时间状语
三、常见错误示例
主将从现错误:
> When I will finish my homework, I will call you.
正确:When I finish my homework, I will call you.
主过从过错误:
> When she was studying, she studied hard.
正确:When she was studying, she studied hard.
时态混乱:
> When I was eating, I was listening to music.
正确:When I was eating, I listened to music.
通过以上规则,可有效判断“when”引导的复合句时态搭配。